Примеры работы с почтовой очередью в exim

Из простого:

exim -bpc #количество писем в очереди
exim -bp #вывести список всех писем

Чуть интереснее
exim -bp | exiqsumm #покажет общую статистику
Выглядит это примерно так:

Count  Volume  Oldest  Newest  Domain
-----  ------  ------  ------  ------

   10    33KB     29h      5h  example.com
---------------------------------------------------------------
   10    33KB     29h      5h  TOTAL

exim -Mvh message-ID #покажет заголовки письма
exim -Mvb message-ID #покажет само письмо
Пример

[root@site ~]# exim -Mvh 1qA1ZJ-0000e4-0Y
1qA1ZJ-0000e4-0Y-H
exim 93 93
<>
1686891617 0
-received_time_usec .170940
-received_time_complete 1686891617.177895
-ident exim
-received_protocol local
-aclc 8 0

-body_linecount 58
-max_received_linelength 258
-allow_unqualified_recipient
-allow_unqualified_sender
-frozen 1686891617
-localerror
-tls_resumption A
XX
1
webmaster@example.com

147P Received: from exim by site.hostname.com with local (Exim 4.96)
	id 1qA1ZJ-0000e4-0Y
	for webmaster@example.com;
	Fri, 16 Jun 2023 08:00:17 +0300
044  X-Failed-Recipients: mail@gmail.com
029  Auto-Submitted: auto-replied
062F From: Mail Delivery System <Mailer-Daemon@site.hostname.com>
026T To: webmaster@example.com
067  References: <f65ca44115da38a702bdf4e00a400fb7@check.domain.ru>
100  Content-Type: multipart/report; report-type=delivery-status; boundary=1686891617-eximdsn-1357383860
018  MIME-Version: 1.0
059  Subject: Mail delivery failed: returning message to sender
051I Message-Id: <E1qA1ZJ-0000e4-0Y@site.hostname.com>
038  Date: Fri, 16 Jun 2023 08:00:17 +0300


[root@site ~]# exim -Mvb 1qA1ZJ-0000e4-0Y
1qA1ZJ-0000e4-0Y-D
--1686891617-eximdsn-1357383860
Content-type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii

This message was created automatically by mail delivery software.

A message that you sent could not be delivered to one or more of its
recipients. This is a permanent error. The following address(es) failed:

  teamlevelcom@gmail.com
    host gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com [108.177.119.27]
    SMTP error from remote mail server after pipelined end of data:
    550-5.7.26 The MAIL FROM domain [example.com] has an SPF record with a hard fail
    550-5.7.26 policy (-all) but it fails to pass SPF checks with the ip:
    550-5.7.26 [195.123.218.121]. To best protect our users from spam and phishing,
    550-5.7.26 the message has been blocked. Please visit
    550-5.7.26  https://support.google.com/mail/answer/81126#authentication for more
    550 5.7.26 information. pv9-20020a170907208900b00965a5941cbcsi6250261ejb.982 - gsmtp

--1686891617-eximdsn-1357383860
Content-type: message/delivery-status

Reporting-MTA: dns; site.hostname.com

Action: failed
Final-Recipient: rfc822;mail@gmail.com
Status: 5.0.0
Remote-MTA: dns; gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com
Diagnostic-Code: smtp; 550-5.7.26 The MAIL FROM domain [example.com] has an SPF record with a hard fail
 550-5.7.26 policy (-all) but it fails to pass SPF checks with the ip:
 550-5.7.26 [195.123.218.121]. To best protect our users from spam and phishing,
 550-5.7.26 the message has been blocked. Please visit
 550-5.7.26  https://support.google.com/mail/answer/81126#authentication for more
 550 5.7.26 information. pv9-20020a170907208900b00965a5941cbcsi6250261ejb.982 - gsmtp

--1686891617-eximdsn-1357383860
Content-type: message/rfc822

Return-path: <webmaster@example.com>
Received: from isplic by site.hostname.com with local (Exim 4.96)
	(envelope-from <webmaster@example.com>)
	id 1qA1ZI-0000ds-2a
	for teamlevelcom@gmail.com;
	Fri, 16 Jun 2023 08:00:16 +0300
To: mail@gmail.com
Subject: ---
X-PHP-Originating-Script: 514:class-phpmailer.php
Date: Fri, 16 Jun 2023 05:00:16 +0000
From: Check <check@domain.ru>
Message-ID: <f65ca44115da38a702bdf4e00a400fb7@check.domain.ru>
X-Mailer: PHPMailer 5.2.22 (https://github.com/PHPMailer/PHPMailer)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

тут текст письма


--1686891617-eximdsn-1357383860--

Для поиска писем можно использовать команду
exiqgrep -f user@search.dom #Поиск по email или домену в очереди писем

Очистка:

exiqgrep -i -f user@test.com | xargs exim -Mrm #удалить все письма где отправиель user@test.com
exiqgrep -i -r user@test.com | xargs exim -Mrm #удалить все письма где получатель user@test.com
exipick -zi | xargs exim -Mrm #удалить все frozen письма
exipick -i | xargs exim -Mrm #очистить всю очередь
rm -rf /var/spool/exim/input #очистить всю очередь. Более быстрый способ